DCYF Childcare Licensing Requirements

Your complete guide to Washington State childcare licensing. Understand the requirements before you build.

Understanding DCYF Licensing

The Washington Department of Children, Youth, and Families (DCYF) regulates all licensed childcare facilities in the state. Meeting their requirements isn't just about compliance — it's about building a safe, high-quality environment where children can thrive. This guide covers the key requirements you need to know before designing your facility.

Space requirements
Staff-to-child ratios
Health & safety codes
Background check requirements
Training requirements
Application process
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License Types

  • Child Care Center: 13+ children in commercial space
  • Family Home: Up to 12 children in a home
  • School-Age Program: Children 5-12 years
  • Outdoor Nature-Based: Primarily outdoor programs

Space Requirements

DCYF has specific space requirements that directly impact your facility design and capacity. Understanding these early in the planning process prevents costly redesigns later.

35 sq ft indoor per child
75 sq ft outdoor per child
Ceiling height minimum 7.5 ft
Natural light in classrooms

What Counts (and Doesn't) as Usable Space

  • Counts: Classroom activity areas at floor level
  • Doesn't count: Hallways, bathrooms, kitchens
  • Doesn't count: Storage areas, staff spaces
  • Doesn't count: Built-in furniture footprints
  • Note: Nap area counts when used for activities

Staff-to-Child Ratios

Washington State requires specific staff-to-child ratios based on age groups. These ratios must be maintained at all times, including during transitions, outdoor play, and meals. Understanding these ratios helps you plan staffing and classroom configurations.

Infants (0-12 mo): 1:4 ratio
Toddlers (12-30 mo): 1:7 ratio
Preschool (30 mo-6 yr): 1:10 ratio
School-age (5-12 yr): 1:15 ratio

Group Size Maximums

  • Infants: Maximum 8 children per group
  • Toddlers: Maximum 14 children per group
  • Preschool: Maximum 20 children per group
  • School-age: Maximum 30 children per group
  • Mixed ages: Ratio of youngest child applies

Health & Safety Requirements

DCYF has comprehensive health and safety requirements covering everything from handwashing sinks to emergency exits. Building these requirements into your facility design from the start is much more cost-effective than retrofitting later.

Handwashing sinks in each room
Child-height toilets & sinks
Diaper changing stations
Kitchen/food prep requirements
Fire safety & emergency exits
Outdoor play area fencing

Key Facility Features

  • Two exits per classroom minimum
  • Supervision sightlines throughout
  • Secure entry with check-in area
  • Fire extinguishers & smoke detectors
  • First aid kit & emergency supplies
  • Posted emergency procedures

Background Check Requirements

All individuals who have unsupervised access to children must complete a comprehensive background check through DCYF. This includes staff, volunteers, and anyone regularly present at the facility during operating hours.

FBI fingerprint check
State criminal history
Sex offender registry
Child abuse/neglect registry

Who Needs Background Checks

  • All paid staff members
  • Regular volunteers
  • Owners and directors
  • Substitute caregivers
  • Renewal: Every 3 years

Training Requirements

Washington State requires childcare staff to complete initial and ongoing training through the STARS (State Training and Registry System). Directors and lead teachers have additional educational requirements.

30 hours STARS basic training
10 hours annual continuing ed
First aid/CPR certification
Food handler's permit

Required Training Topics

  • Child development fundamentals
  • Child abuse/neglect recognition
  • HIV/AIDS awareness
  • Safe sleep practices (infant rooms)
  • Emergency preparedness
  • Medication administration

The Licensing Process

The DCYF licensing process typically takes 3-6 months from application to approval. Being well-prepared with documentation and a compliant facility can significantly speed up the timeline.

Submit application & fees
Complete background checks
Submit required documentation
Pass facility inspection

Application Checklist

  • Completed application forms
  • Floor plan with measurements
  • Fire marshal approval
  • Health department approval
  • Zoning/land use approval
  • Policies and procedures manual

DCYF Licensing FAQ

What are the space requirements for DCYF childcare licensing?

DCYF requires a minimum of 35 square feet of indoor space per child and 75 square feet of outdoor play space per child. This does not include hallways, bathrooms, kitchens, or storage areas. The space must be measured at floor level and excludes built-in furniture.

What are the staff-to-child ratios for Washington childcare centers?

Ratios vary by age: Infants (birth-12 months) require 1:4 ratio, Toddlers (12-30 months) require 1:7 ratio, Preschool (30 months-6 years) require 1:10 ratio, and School-age (5-12 years) require 1:15 ratio. These ratios must be maintained at all times.

How long does the DCYF licensing process take?

The complete licensing process typically takes 3-6 months. This includes application review (2-4 weeks), background checks (2-4 weeks), facility inspection, and final approval. Having all documentation ready and a compliant facility can speed up the process.

What background checks are required for childcare staff in Washington?

All staff, volunteers, and household members over 16 (for family childcare) must complete a DCYF background check including FBI fingerprint check, state criminal history, sex offender registry, and child abuse/neglect registry checks. Background checks must be renewed every 3 years.

What training is required for childcare staff in Washington?

Staff must complete: 30 hours of STARS basic training within first 90 days, 10 hours of annual continuing education, current first aid/CPR certification, food handler's permit (if preparing food), HIV/AIDS training, and child abuse and neglect recognition training.

Need Help Navigating DCYF Licensing?

We've been through the licensing process ourselves and help clients navigate it every day. Let us help you build a facility that passes inspection the first time.